The fruit of the guava tree, also known as ‘Amrood’, is an exotic fruit that is well known for its delicious taste and rich nutritional content. But more importantly, it holds great potential for the farmers who are seeking to establish highly profitable businesses in the agricultural sector. Guava is quite famous among all age groups in global markets.
‘Psidium guajava’ is the scientific name of Guava. Some people also call it ‘Apple of Tropics’. This fruit has unrivalled agricultural significance in addition to its multiple health benefits. Guava farming is mostly lucrative if practised correctly as this is among the farming industries that do not demand much attention. For this cultivation, farmers can use high-performance tractor like Mahindra 415 DI.
Guava fruit has nutritional value in vitamins A, C, and E, and it is a diet primarily made up of fibre and antioxidants. It also has minerals such as potassium, magnesium, and folic acid. This has many positive health effects when taken by those who include it in their daily diets. Now, let’s embark on the fulfilling path of guava cultivation, where each harvest offers not only delicious fruits but also a thriving relationship with nature’s richness.
Top 5 Guava Growing States in India:
In India, Guava is always in demand, as people have this fruit in fresh and processed forms. India is at the top of the “Guava Farming Countries in the World.” Currently, India is also exporting this fruit to almost 30 countries across the world. Here is the list of the top 5 Indian states where guava grows.
- Uttar Pradesh
- Madhya Pradesh
- Bihar
- Andhra Pradesh
- Haryana
Guava Varieties In India:
In India, one can find various types of guava. Some of these guava types are listed in the table below.
| Available Guava Varieties in India | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lucknow 49 (Sardar Guava) | Allahabad Safeda | Kohir Safeda | Behat Coconut | Arka Amulya | Chittidar |
| Apple Color | Pear shaped | Arka Mridula | Safeda Jam | Banarasi | Baruipur Local |
Health Benefits of Guava:
As we have said before, this fruit is packed with so many nutrients. Consumption of just one guava, preferably on a daily basis, is enough to reap many benefits. Below are some of the ways through which guava is beneficial to our body.
- Controls the body’s blood sugar levels.
- Supports cardiovascular health.
- Boosts immunity
- It has anticancer properties.
- Helps in weight management
- Good for digestive health
- Good for your skin
Guava Cultivation Process:
Before growing guava, it is important to understand the various process that are involved in this cultivation. Guava Farming involves various processes such as soil preparation, soil requirements, weather conditions, irrigation methods and pest-illeness management.
Ideal Climatic Conditions:
Guava fruits can grow in tropical and subtropical regions at elevations above 1500m. They can withstand frosts and drought conditions in North India during summer, but excessive frost can kill young plants. Annual rainfall should be around 100 cms during July-September, and less during harvesting season to maintain produce quality. The ideal months for guava plantation are February-March or August-September months.
Soil Conditions:
- Guava can grow in various shallow, medium and alkaline soil.
- This fruit can thrive in well-drained soils having 0.5 to 1m depth. The preferred soil for this farming ia loamy or sandy loam soil.
- As this fruit is sensitive to water logging, producers should ensure that they are not giving too much water to the plant.
- The ideal pH level is between 4.5 to 8.2, which is perfect for growing guava.
Let’s Prepare The Soil:
Before the plantation process starts, the producers should clear weeds and debris from the land to create a clean environment for the guava plants. They should do deep ploughing and harrowing to improve soil aeration and root penetration. For deep plowing, farmers can use the Powertrac 439 Plus tractor. It is a highly fuel-efficient tractor, and the Powertrac 439 Plus tractor price in India is quite affordable.
Irrigation Techniques:
The producers should irrigate the crop soon after planting, then do it again on the third day, and so on. Irrigation depends on the soil type and environment. Well-established orchards don’t need irrigation. Young plantations need it weekly during the summer and 2-3 times during the winter. One should avoid flood irrigation during the flowering stage, as it will cause excessive flower drop.
Harvest Time:
Bearing occurs within 2-3 years after the guava plantation. Harvesting should be done at the right time when fruits are ripe. When they are ripe fruits, their colour shifts from black-green colour to greenish-yellow. It is necessary to harvest the guava at the appropriate time. One should minimise the over-ripening of fruits, as this reduces quality and testability.
Conclusion:
Guava plantation in India is a rewarding and profitable business if the proper methods and procedures are followed. This farming has enormous potential for growth and profitability. Within two years, farmers can expect to earn around Rs 2,70,000. You can follow this guide to learn about ideal climate conditions, soil requirements, irrigation methods and other factors that will contribute to successful guava fruit production.
